Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. In addition to histones, deacetylates other proteins, such as CTTN, tubulin and SQSTM1. Plays a central role in microtubule-dependent cell motility by mediating deacetylation of tubulin. Required for cilia disassembly; via deacetylation of alpha-tubulin. Promotes deacetylation of CTTN, leading to actin polymerization, promotion of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and completion of autophagy. Involved in the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer. Promotes odontoblast differentiation following IPO7-mediated nuclear import and subsequent repression of RUNX2 expression. In addition to its protein deacetylase activity, plays a key role in the degradation of misfolded proteins: when misfolded proteins are too abundant to be degraded by the chaperone refolding system and the ubiquitin-proteasome, mediates the transport of misfolded proteins to a cytoplasmic juxtanuclear structure called aggresome. Probably acts as an adapter that recognizes polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins and target them to the aggresome, facilitating their clearance by autophagy.